Wearable load-carrying device

ABSTRACT

A load-carrying device including a rear panel supporting a load and two carrying mechanisms, the ends of each carrying mechanism being connected to the rear panel. The carrying mechanisms include a second extensible zone located in the area of the front portion of the torso of the wearer, the second extensible zone having anisotropic extensibility properties, such that the transverse tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of a panel forming the second extensible zone is less than the longitudinal tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of such panel.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is based upon French patent application Ser. No. 12/00185, filed Jan. 24, 2012, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference thereto in its entirety, and the priority of which is claimed under 35 U.S.C. §119.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to an article or device for carrying a load and, more particularly, such article or device that is wearable. Such article or device, according to the invention can take the form of a backpack or a wearable device having back protection.

2. Background Information

A back protection device is mainly used in cycling, gliding sports such as skiing or snowboarding, and similar sports requiring back protection in case of a fall.

There are various types of back protection devices that an athlete can wear to protect his/her spine in case of a fall.

The simplest and most common back protection device is comprised of a protective mechanism such as a rigid articulated shell or foam, such protective mechanism being provided with a generally elastic shoulder strap harness, and often a belt. Such a protection device is illustrated, for example, in the document EP 1 001 688-A1 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,852,087-B2. The straps of the shoulder harness enable the back protection device to be adjusted to the size of the user; but this causes carrying discomfort due to the reduced contact surface area of the strap with the body. Also, the protection is not optimal because, with such a carrying system, the protection member does not always remain properly positioned when the wearer moves.

To improve the carrying comfort, certain protective shells are incorporated into the back portion of a sleeveless jacket, or vest, covering the entire torso and closed at the front by a zipper. However, the zipper is not comfortable. Moreover, this type of protection is specific to one's size and build, and it does not adapt easily to a change in morphology, in particular a woman's morphology. Thus, the chest may not be adequately supported or, on the contrary, it may be compressed, which is uncomfortable. Furthermore, by covering the torso, the vest exerts stiffness that impedes the athlete's ease of movement. Similarly, the level of back protection is reduced if the vest is not properly adjusted to the body. Finally, such vests include relatively narrow openings for passage of the arms, which hampers the ease of movement of the arms and, therefore, causes additional discomfort.

There are hybrid solutions comprising panels coupled with straps to form carrying mechanisms. Solutions of this type are not comfortable due to the rigidity of the straps and the relative stiffness of the panels used.

To protect themselves from the cold, skiers usually wear multilayered clothing, including a thin first layer in contact with the skin, an intermediate second layer providing additional insulation, and an outer layer for protection from bad weather or extreme cold. Generally speaking, the aforementioned back protection devices are positioned beneath the outer layer, and may or may not replace the second layer. Indeed, these protection devices are not flexible and, therefore, cannot be positioned beneath the second layer without hindering the movements of the skier. They also cause discomfort if positioned in direct contact with the thin first layer. In addition, this arrangement is not practical in the case in which the skier wishes to remove the second layer, for example, when feeling too hot during the day. Similarly, the back protection device becomes visible if the skier removes the outer layer, which generally is not aesthetically appealing.

With respect to backpacks, there is a similar problem related to carrying-comfort and adaptation to morphological variations, particularly to that of women. The current construction of backpacks is similar to that of back protection devices, i.e., whether the load to be carried by such devices is a back protection element or items to be transported.

SUMMARY

The invention overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and, in particular, provides a load-carrying article or device improving carrying comfort.

In addition, the invention adapts to the various user morphologies and, in particular, to that of women.

Further, the invention always keeps the carried load properly positioned, irrespective of the position of the wearer. Whether in the form of a back protection device or a backpack, a load-carrying device of the invention moves along with the body, under any circumstance. In the case of a back protection device, maximum protection is thereby achieved at the time of impact.

Still further, the device of the invention does not impede the wearer's freedom of movement.

Further yet, the device of the invention does not uncomfortably compress the wearer's chest.

According to a particular embodiment of a back protection device, for example, such device can be housed beneath a second layer.

The invention provides a load-carrying device comprising a back panel supporting a load and two carrying mechanisms, the ends of each carrying mechanism being connected to a back panel.

The carrying mechanisms of the load-carrying device according to particular embodiment(s) of the invention comprise a second extensible zone located in an area of the front portion of the torso of the user, the second extensible zone having anisotropic stretch properties, such that the transverse tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of a panel forming the second extensible zone is less than the longitudinal tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of this panel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood from the description which follows, with reference to the annexed drawings illustrating, by way of non-limiting embodiments, how the invention can be carried out, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a ¾ front view of a load-carrying device being worn by a woman;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the load-carrying device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the load-carrying device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the load-carrying device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the inside of the load-carrying device;

FIG. 6 is view like that of FIG. 1, but illustrating an embodiment of a load-carrying device in the form of a backpack;

FIG. 7 is view ¾ front view of an alternate embodiment of a load-carrying device in the form of a backpack.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the description, a load-carrying article or device according to the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1-5 in the form of a back protection device. The invention is not limited to this particular application; instead, the invention extends to other types of load-carrying devices/articles, in particular a backpack, as exemplarily shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The front portions of the carrying mechanisms of the device of FIGS. 1-5 and that of FIGS. 6, 7 are similar.

In the drawing figures, identical elements are designated by the same reference numerals. In the following text, the terms upper, lower, top, bottom, horizontal, and vertical are used with reference to the standing position of the user. Furthermore, reference is made to a transverse direction. This transverse direction is substantially horizontal in the sense that it may vary more or less by 30° in relation to a horizontal plane. This transverse direction is similar to a direction circumferential to the abdomen or a direction circumferential to the torso. The transverse direction is represented by the arrows T in the drawings. Moreover, reference is also made to a longitudinal direction. This longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the transverse direction. It is thus substantially vertical in the sense that it may vary more or less by 30° in relation to a vertical plane. The longitudinal direction is represented by the arrows L in the drawings. Similarly, the terms proximal and distal characterize zones with reference to the median plane of the body of the wearer. Thus, a proximal zone is closer to the head-to-feet median axis than a distal zone which is closer to the arms.

FIGS. 1 to 5 illustrate an embodiment of the invention in the form of a back protection device 1 comprising a bolero-style garment provided with rear pocket 5 within which a protection mechanism 6, or member, is housed, the protection mechanism being foam, such as a foam sheet, in this example. The foam sheet can be lengthwise rigid yet flexible The bolero-style garment corresponds to a sleeveless jacket having a lower edge immediately above the waist, on the front of the wearer. Consequently, such a garment covers only the upper body, in the area of the front portion of the user's body. It covers the chest and thorax, but not the abdomen or at least the front portion of the body between the ribs, along the linea alba. Alternatively, a bolero-style garment according to the invention can cover the ribs in order to protect them, and it can extend downward slightly in the area of the lateral portions, or side portions, of the waist, but not in the front median zone of the waist.

The back protection device 1 comprises a back panel 2 on which two carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b are fixed.

A first end 31 a, 31 b of each carrying mechanism 3 a, 3 b is connected to the upper portion of the back panel 2. These two first ends 31 a, 31 b, coupled with the top of the back panel 2, form an arc of a circle around the nape of the wearer, or substantially an arc of a circle. To improve the carrying comfort for the wearer, the edges adapted to be in contact with the nape of the wearer are arranged so as not to injure or cause discomfort of the wearer. In the embodiment being described, a foam band 4 wrapped in a soft fabric, such as a teased knitted material, forms these edges. This band 4 extends above the shoulders, thus forming a U-shape partially surrounding the neck. This construction, tightened around the neck, properly retains the protection device on the back and provides better insulation, as well as prevents debris or undesirable material from collecting between the back panel and the back of the wearer.

A second end 32 a, 32 b of each carrying mechanism 3 a, 3 b is connected to a lateral edge, or side edge, of the central portion of the back panel 2.

According to this embodiment, the back panel 2 forms a wall for a pocket 5 into which a protection member 6, such as a foam sheet, e.g., is inserted. Thus, the protection member can be removed from the pocket in order to more easily clean the remainder of the back protection device comprised of the bolero formed by the pocket 5 and the carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b. The pocket 5 includes an opening that is closed by a substantially horizontal zipper 51, or other slide fastener, connecting the lower portion of the back panel 2 to the lower portion of a complementary outer panel 52 of the pocket. Positioning the closure in the lower portion of the pocket does not hinder the wearer; therefore, the zipper does not cause injury or discomfort to the nape of the wearer. Here, the protective member 6 is a composite foam comprising partial cutouts enabling the foam to deform in order to keep as close to the body as possible, and to provide an efficient back protection device. In addition, the shape of this foam and the partial cutouts provide some flexibility of movement to the user. Such a foam is described for example in the document EP 1 290 956-A2 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,519,781-B1, the disclosure of the latter of which is hereby incorporated by reference thereto in its entirety.

Advantageously, a belt 7 is fixed on the lower portion of the back panel 2, such as by stitching, gluing, welding, or by other means. The belt 7 contributes to properly maintaining the protective member 6 against the back of the wearer, in particular by pressing it thereon in the area of the waist. See, e.g., FIG. 4. The belt therefore provides greater stability for the load-carrying, or back protection, device 1. The belt also enables the device to adapt properly to the morphology of the wearer.

Separating the load-carrying device into two portions, including an upper portion formed by the carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b, and connected to one another, and a lower portion formed by the belt 7, provides an additional degree of rotation about a horizontal axis passing substantially through the navel and a substantially vertical axis. This additional flexibility, coupled with a suitable protective member 5 (or other load, such as in the context of a backpack according to the invention), for example, increases the mobility, and therefore the ease of movement, of the wearer.

Consequently, during practice of a risk-prone activity, such as skiing, cycling, or other activity, the back protection device, e.g., continuously adapts to the posture of the wearer. The protective member 5 follows the various curvatures of the body. Protection is thus optimal.

According to the invention, the back panel 2 and the carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b form a bolero-style garment for covering only the torso in the area of the front portion of the user's body. For this, each carrying mechanism 3 a, 3 b is comprised of at least one panel. A panel, in the context of the invention, is a portion of a garment cut from a pattern. The panel comprises at least one fabric layer. The panel can include vents, pockets, etc.

The carrying mechanism may be comprised of a single panel made of a single material. In other embodiments, such as the illustrated embodiment, a carrying mechanism includes a plurality of panels of different types.

In this example, a carrying mechanism includes three portions.

A first portion 33 a, 33 b constitutes the first end 31 a, 31 b of the carrying mechanism 3 a, 3 b. The first portion 33 a, 33 b covers a portion of a shoulder of the wearer. This first portion comprises two superimposed textile layers. The first lower layer 331 a, 331 b is a panel made of a soft material, such as a teased knitted material, for the comfort of the wearer. The second outer layer 332 a, 332 b is an extension of the outer panel 52. This second outer layer reinforces the first portion and protects the first lower layer. The second outer layer 332 a, 332 b is slightly elastic in order to press the pocket 5 against the back of the wearer. Advantageously, this portion is not extensible to ensure proper vertical retention in the area of the shoulder.

A second portion 34 a, 34 b forms the second end 32 a, 32 b of the carrying mechanism 3 a, 3 b. In this example, this second portion is made of a panel 34 a, 34 b covering the sides of the wearer on a first zone Z1 and also rising toward the first end 31 a, 31 b to cover a lateral portion of the torso, thereby forming the distal lateral portion of the carrying mechanism. This second portion, a so-called side panel, is made from an extensible and, e.g., an elastic honeycombed fabric. In a particular embodiment, the lateral panel is extensible at least along a transverse direction T or a direction circumferential to the waist.

A third portion 35 a, 35 b completes the other two portions to form the carrying mechanism. This third portion is comprised of a panel 35 a, 35 b covering a second zone Z2, located substantially in the area of the front portion of the torso of the wearer. The third portion, a so-called front panel, forms the proximal portion of the carrying mechanism, or shoulder strap. In particular, it covers at least a portion of the breasts. To increase the carrying comfort, in a particular embodiment, this front panel can be made from a stretch honeycombed material. Advantageously, the front panel has anisotropic stretch properties. In particular, the transverse tensile force T required to obtain a predetermined elongation, along a direction circumferential to the torso, is less than the longitudinal tensile force L required to obtain the same predetermined elongation, along a direction perpendicular to the preceding circumferential direction. This characteristic makes it possible to adapt to various chest volumes, due to the transverse extensibility, while still properly retaining the back protection device, due to a less substantial longitudinal extensibility. This specific characteristic provides notable comfort when the user is a woman, as the chest, a sensitive part, is less compressed, while ensuring good support. Good results have been obtained when the transverse tensile force required to obtain a 15% or 25% elongation in the transverse direction T is at least less than 75% of the longitudinal tensile force required to obtain a 15%, 25% elongation along a longitudinal direction L. According to particular embodiment(s) of the invention, this transverse tensile force is at least 50% less than the longitudinal tensile force.

Thus, each carrying mechanism 3 a, 3 b is comprised of a single panel, or of a continuity of a plurality of panels, including several panels. Alternatively, the carrying mechanism is comprised of only the second and third portions. A number of combinations are possible within the scope of the invention.

By being connected to the back panel 2, a carrying mechanism 3 a, 3 b forms a large opening 36 a, 36 b extending well below the armpits. See FIG. 4. The opening 36 a, 36 b is characterized by an elongate shape. This makes it possible to clear a portion located between the side and the armpit. The opening 36 b is dimensioned so that, once the carrying device, or back protection device, is put on, the distance d1 between the lower end 36 b 1 of the opening 36 b and the recess 91 of the armpits is greater than half the distance d2 between the recess 91 of the armpits and the end 92 of the shoulders. In a particular embodiment, the distance d1 is at least equal to the distance d2. The opening 36 a is dimensioned in the same manner. The clearance of a zone under the arm provides comfort and ease as there is no contact or friction in the area of the sensitive zone near the armpits, at the top of the sides.

Advantageously, each large opening is dimensioned so that the back protection device does not cover the ends of the shoulders. Specifically, with reference to FIG. 2, the back protection device does not cover the distal portion of the shoulder over a distance d3, this distance being greater than a quarter of the distance d4 between the base of the neck and the upper distal end of the acromion. By being set back in relation to the end of the shoulder, the back protection device makes it possible to free the arm. Its articulation in the area of the humeral head, or glenohumeral articulation, is facilitated. The arm then moves more easily. The back protection device does not hinder the movements of the user.

In particular embodiment(s), each large opening is designed so that the ends of the shoulders, a portion of the torso, and the upper portion of the sides pass through this opening when the back protection device is put on. The distal edges 37 a, 37 b of the carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b are spaced by a distance d5 (see FIG. 5) from the junction between the arms and the torso. For an adult male, for example, this distance d5 is greater than three centimeters.

These large openings facilitate the positioning of the back protection device on the wearer, in particular for locating the second opening, once the first arm has been inserted. Moreover, these large openings enable the user to wear the load-carrying device, or back protection device, in the presently described embodiment, selectively, depending upon his/her habit or desire, on a first layer or on a second layer.

To reinforce the carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b, an elastic band 37 a, 38 a, 37 b, 38 b is sewn on the distal 37 a, 37 b and proximal 38 a, 38 b edges of each carrying mechanism. This elastic band provides a good finish and a good morphological adaptation. This band also protects the edges of the constituent panels of the carrying mechanisms.

To ensure proper retention of the load-carrying device, or back protection device in the currently described embodiment, at least one fastener 8 connects the two carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b to one another. See, e.g., FIG. 2. The fastener 8 may be a zipper, hook-and-loop fasteners such as Velcro®, or straps with loops. Advantageously, the fastener 8 is extensible, which facilitates breathing. Indeed, by being extensible, the fastener does not interfere with the range of movement of the chest during breathing. In the example shown, the fastener 8 includes an elastic band 81 attached on one side to a first carrying mechanism 3 a and a hook 82 at its other end. The hook 82 is adapted to cooperate with a complementary hooking member 39 b arranged on the second carrying mechanism 3 b. The additional hooking member 39 b can be a cord or a rigid or semi-rigid rod. In a particular embodiment, the fastener 8 is adjustable in transverse length. For example, the position of the hook 82 can vary on the band 81. Other fasteners are also within the scope of the invention.

The carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b may be always spaced apart from one another, may be joined in the area of a portion of their proximal edges 38 a, 38 b, for example, via a zipper (as shown in FIG. 7, e.g.), or yet may overlap one another in the manner, for example, of a fastener for a wrap-over top.

The load-carrying device, or back protection device, is particularly comfortable to wear because it adapts to the morphologies of various users. Several characteristics contribute to this comfort. Combined with one another, these characteristics provide greater comfort, but individually, each characteristic provides improvement and ease of carrying while keeping the protective member 5, or other load, in place, in any situation.

A first characteristic is the use of flexible panels for the carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b, the back panel 2, and the outer panel 52. By being completely flexible, the bolero closely conforms to the morphology of the wearer as much as possible. Furthermore, this flexibility makes it possible to clean this sub-assembly in a washing machine, subject to use of suitable materials. Coupled with an equally flexible foam protective member 6, a back protection device according to the invention, is optimized so as not to hinder the movements of the wearer, and in order to conform to the shape of the body, irrespective of the posture of the wearer. In addition, the panels can be thin. Thus, the thinness and flexibility make it possible to position the back protection device beneath a second layer with the advantages mentioned above. In a particular embodiment, the flexible panels are honeycombed and thereby provide better ventilation/aeration of the body.

A second characteristic is the transverse extensibility of the first zone Z1. When putting on this load-carrying or back protection device, the wearer brings the two carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b closer together by means of the fastener 8, which results in the back panel 2 being pressed against the back of the wearer because of the transverse extensibility and elasticity of the first zone Z1. This movement pulls the lateral panels 34 a, 34 b of the zone Z1 forward, which then pulls the back panel 2 forward. This tension provides excellent retention to the protective member 6, or other load (such as the load of a backpack), against the back of the wearer and excellent comfort because all of the portions of the carrying mechanism, that is to say, the front panels 35 a, 35 b and the lateral panels 34 a, 34 b, keep as close to the body as possible. In a particular embodiment, the fastener 8 is extensible, as mentioned above, which makes it possible to distribute the adjustment tensions around the body over several zones, and not merely over the zone Z1.

A third characteristic lies in the extensibility of the zone Z2, translating into a substantial deformation for less force. This characteristic, described in detail above, makes it possible to adapt to various morphologies, in particular various volumes of women's chests, by providing good retention without compressing the chest. A great transverse extensibility enables this adaptation while still retaining the bolero properly due to the controlled longitudinal extensibility. In other words, greater force is required than along a transverse direction to obtain a predetermined deformation.

Another characteristic involves fitting out the rear panel 2 by creating longitudinal bands 21 projecting from the back panel 2, these bands being supported on defined lateral zones of the wearer's back. Thus, when the back protection or load-carrying device is put on, these longitudinal bands space the back panel 2 from the back in certain locations, thus creating a ventilation shaft 22 along the spine, which is a heat-generating zone. For example, the back panel is made of a three-dimensional fabric configured to evacuate perspiration. The three-dimensional fabric is made of polyhedral honeycomb mesh, for example, or has a wavelet shape forming an alternate succession of hollow and solid rolls. These fabrics make it possible to reduce the surface area in contact with the body or clothing of the user in order to reduce perspiration. In the area of the longitudinal bands 21, the fabric is purposefully made thicker to create the necessary support for the creation of the ventilation shaft.

Another characteristic comes from the cut of the bolero when worn. A first specific characteristic of this cut comes from the large openings 36 a, 36 b for the arms, extending over a portion of the sides of the athlete. This clearance facilitates the positioning and enables the arms to move more easily as described above. A second specific characteristic relates to the neckline, which surrounds the neck with a soft material. Conversely, the front portion of the neck is cleared. When the carrying mechanisms are connected, the proximate lateral edges 38 a, 38 b of the carrying mechanisms are arranged so as not to cover the base of the neck, thereby clearing the airways for better ventilation. For example, the proximal lateral edges form a “V”. Advantageously, these proximal lateral edges 38 a, 38 b are always spaced so as not to cover the sternum. In this case, to connect the two carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b, a fastener 8 that is adjustable transversely, that is to say, which enables varying the distance d (see FIG. 2) between the two proximal lateral edges 38 a, 38 b, is advantageous, compared to a zipper allowing no transverse adjustment. By clearing the sternum and the linea alba, the thoracic cage is freed, thereby also facilitating breathing. In a particular embodiment, the fastener 8 is flexible along a longitudinal direction L. This means that the fastener 8 enables a relative movement, vertically or along the longitudinal direction L, of one carrying mechanism 3 a, 3 b in relation to the other carrying mechanism 3 b, 3 a. This specific characteristic provides even greater freedom by allowing asymmetric movements without affecting comfort. For example, when the left arm is raised, the left carrying mechanism 3 b follows the movement while the right carrying mechanism 3 a remains in position and is not biased. As a result, the carrying comfort is improved.

As mentioned above, a plurality of characteristics, providing carrying comfort, are related to the extensibility properties of the constituent panels of the carrying mechanisms.

A panel is extensible when it can be stretched, elongated, extended. It is characterized by its ability to deform, and therefore its elongation under a given tensile force. Thus, in the context of the invention, a panel is all the more extensible since its deformation is substantial when a predetermined tensile force is exerted thereon. Conversely, a material is not extensible if it cannot be deformed by more than 15%. Therefore, it is important to characterize the tensile force required to obtain a given deformation. This force is critical in qualifying a panel because it determines the pressure restored by the panel when it is deformed. For a garment, the deformation of the fabric surrounding a member translates into a force restored on the body due to this characteristic of the panel. For example, if a small tensile force is required to obtain a 15% deformation, then the portion of the body covered by the panel will be slightly compressed. Conversely, if the tensile force required to obtain this deformation is greater, then the body portion covered will be more biased. In this case, the return force for returning to a stable equilibrium position is more substantial, which provides “edginess” to the fabric. To express this property, these forces can be characterized for specific deformations, for example, of 15%, 25%, or 50%.

A panel is elastic when it can reassume its original shape and initial volume after being deformed. It is no longer elastic when, after being stressed, it remains slightly deformed. It is characterized by the maximum tensile force, or yield stress Re, for which there is no permanent (or plastic) deformation; the sample returns to its original shape as soon as the tensile force is suppressed.

These properties of elasticity and extensibility are complementary. These two characteristics are important in retaining the garment properly. The panel should therefore be extensible to allow sufficient deformation to adapt to the wearer's morphology, but under a sufficient tensile force to ensure appropriate tension. The tension enables the garment to be properly retained on the body. It is this tension that flattens the garment against the body and provides carrying comfort. The panel should also be elastic for proper retention of the garment, so that it does not become deformed after use. The cut remains substantially stable.

To obtain the desired elasticity and/or extensibility of the panel, a number of structures are possible. A first structure is a modification of the structure of the panel, for example via specific weaving or knitting. A second structure is the modification of the composition of the panel, for example by using materials having various elastic and/or extensibility properties (various weaving/knitting threads). Another structure is the addition of a special coating modifying its characteristics, for example a printed or glued layer. It may also be by locally adding a layer in a zone; this layer being capable of forming a pocket, for example. Thus, superimposing layers of the panel may allow a modification of the elasticity and extensibility properties of the panel. Other structures are within the scope of the invention to adjust the elasticity and/or extensibility of a panel, such as thermoforming or the use of a 3D multilayer textile, for example.

If proper retention is desired, a good “elastic” return is required to obtain sufficient tension in the panel. In this case, a substantial tensile force is used for a predetermined deformation, for example, of 25%. According to the illustrated embodiment, this is what is desired in the first zone Z1. Conversely, if one wishes to adapt to the body morphology without overly compressing the part of the body located below the panel, a less substantial elastic return is required. In this case, a smaller tensile force is desired for obtaining the same deformation. For example, this is what is desired in the second zone Z2, and more particularly in the transverse direction in order to conform to the shape of the breasts. In the longitudinal direction, because of the need for retention, the tensile force desired will be greater.

The NF G 07-196 Standard makes it possible to qualify these properties, and the method 1 in particular characterizes the extensibility of a fabric.

In addition to this standard, the standardized tests were adapted in order to have sample dimensions close to the panels used in the construction of the protection device. Thus, the textile portion cut forms a rectangle 25 mm wide, for example, instead of the standardized 50 mm, and a little more than 100 mm long. The rectangle is cut along a direction that is dependent upon the characteristic that one wishes to evaluate. Thus, to qualify the transverse extensibility, the portion of fabric is cut so that the rectangle is substantially horizontal. Conversely, to qualify the longitudinal extensibility, the portion of fabric is cut so that the rectangle is substantially vertical. The rectangle cut is then positioned in the jaws of a tension-compression machine so as to stretch the sample along the length of the rectangle. The distance between the jaws is 100 mm when the sample is at rest. The sample is then stretched, at a speed of 100 mm/minute, until the desired elongation is obtained. The tensile force is measured in Newtons to obtain the desired deformation. Prior to the measurement, the sample is biased three times at 50%, in order to stabilize the sample.

In the embodiment illustrated, by way of non-limiting example, two different fabrics are used to make the panels of the zones Z1 and Z2. The weaving of these panels is specific to obtain anisotropic properties. For each panel, a rectangular sample is cut in a transverse direction and a rectangular sample in a longitudinal direction. For each sample, a tensile measurement is carried out.

The results obtained are as follows:

Elongation Tensile force 15% 25% 50% Zone Z1 Transverse 2.35N 3.65N 7.65N Longitudinal 3.15N 9N   26.15N Zone Z2 Transverse 0.4N 1N   2.25N Longitudinal 1.85N 4.35N 16.35N

The following dimensions are deduced from these measurements.

For the zone Z1, the tensile force along a transverse direction is less than 75% of the tensile force along a longitudinal direction, for a given elongation (15%, 25%, or 50%). For an elongation of 25% or more, the transverse tensile force is less than 50% of the longitudinal tensile force. For an elongation of 15%, the tensile force along a transverse direction is less than 2.5 N and greater than 1.5 N, which allows for a good flattening tension.

For the zone Z2, the anisotropy is more pronounced. The tensile force along a transverse direction is less than 50%, or even 25%, of the tensile force along a longitudinal direction, for a given elongation. For a 25% elongation, the tensile force along a transverse direction is on the order of 1 N in order to provide good extensibility for the panel. For a 25% elongation, the tensile force along a longitudinal direction is greater than 4 N to ensure proper retention.

Additional measurements have been performed to characterize the elastic recovery of the textiles according to the Method 2 of the NF G 07-196 Standard. These measurements have shown that the elastic recovery of the textile of the zone Z1 is 100%, regardless of its orientation. The elastic recovery of the textile of the zone Z2 is good; it is greater than 95% in the transverse or warp direction and over 90% in the longitudinal or weft direction.

The type of back protection device accorded by the invention, particularly that of the illustrated embodiment of the invention, is particularly suitable for the practice of winter gliding sports, such as skiing and snowboarding. However, the invention may be implemented for other sports, such as cycling, or other activities requiring a back protection device.

Several alternatives are possible as their design reproduces a structure comprising a bolero-style garment incorporating a back pocket.

A first alternative is to add protective panels covering the ribs. These protective panels may form extensions of the carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b and/or of the belt 7.

A second alternative is to use relatively rigid panels, i.e., inextensible panels, in the area of the proximal portions of the carrying mechanisms and to carry out the morphological adaptation in the area of the torso with extensible panels positioned on the distal portions of the carrying mechanisms, in the area of the torso.

A third alternative is to add sleeves to the bolero-style garment. To maintain comfort, these sleeves are ample or have a clearance in the area of the shoulder, and are loose and connected to the base structure formed by the bolero.

A fourth alternative is to make a load-carrying device, such as a back protection device, in the form of a garment of the t-shirt type. In this case, there is a structure close to the bolero, that is to say, which does not cover the abdomen, except that the carrying mechanisms are connected. To obtain the desired effects mentioned above, the fabric is extensible in the area of the torso. This load-carrying/protection device is then put on through the head.

As mentioned above, the load-carrying mechanisms described above also apply to other articles capable of supporting a load, such as backpacks, for example, as shown in FIG. 6. Thus, the extensibility characteristics of the carrying mechanisms provide all the benefits of comfort described above for these other carrying devices, or articles, in particular the morphological adaptation to various sizes of the torso.

Alternatively, the load-carrying device can have a different structure because the carrying mechanisms comprise a second extensible zone located in the area of the front portion of the torso of the wearer, the second extensible zone having anisotropic extensibility properties, such that the transverse tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of a panel forming the second extensible zone is less than the longitudinal tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of this panel, and, in a particular embodiment, less than 75% of the longitudinal tensile force.

For example, the carrying mechanisms can cover a wider zone than merely the torso. It can thus extend over the zone of the abdomen.

In the case of a backpack, such as shown in FIG. 6, the zipper 51 or other pocket closing mechanism, can be positioned at or near the upper end of the pocket. Further, instead of the load being a back protection member, such as in the form of a plastic foam sheet, the load includes items a wearer would carry in his/her backpack. Such pocket-closing mechanism, instead of a zipper, can be in the form snaps, hook-and-loop fasteners, for example, of the backpack can be of the rolled type with straps securing the rolled top closed.

In a variation of a backpack described in the preceding paragraph, the pocket 5 containing a protection member or sheet 6 is retained, to provide a rigidification panel for the backpack, with an additional pocket and upper zipper or pocket-closing mechanism for insertion and removal of items to be carried. In such a case, a lower zipper 51 can be retained, as shown in FIG. 4, for insertion and removal of the protection member/rigidification panel, or such member/panel can be permanently secured within the backpack by means of stitching, gluing, welding, etc.

Alternatively, rather than providing for two pockets, i.e., one for the protection sheet and another for items to be carried by the backpack, a single pocket, larger than that necessary for the protection sheet can be provided. In such a case, the protection/rigidifying sheet can be applied within the pocket against the back panel 2, such as permanently, or removably via hook-and-loop fastening, leaving the remainder of the pocket available for items to be carried by the backpack.

According to another example, the carrying article does not form a bolero. In this case, shown in FIG. 7, the carrying mechanism is connected to the back panel, in its lower portion, by a strap or a cord. This strap can be elastic and advantageously adjustable lengthwise. Thus, the lower linkage between the carrying mechanism and the back panel is not formed by a panel as in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5. In addition, the carrying mechanisms 3 a, 3 b and the panels 35 a, 35 b in FIG. 7 are joined by a fastener 8, in the form of a zipper or slide fastener.

In the previously described embodiments of the invention, the top of the back panel is edged with a foam band 4, thus forming a “U” surrounding the neck partially. This band can be replaced by another covering element, such as a collar or a hood, for example.

At least because the invention is disclosed herein in a manner that enables one to make and use it, by virtue of the disclosure of particular exemplary embodiments of the invention, the invention can be practiced in the absence of any additional element or additional structure that is not specifically disclosed herein. 

1. A load-carrying device comprising: a rear panel structured and arranged to support a load; two carrying mechanisms, each of the carrying mechanisms having respective ends, and each of the carrying mechanism being connected to the rear panel; the carrying mechanisms further comprising a second extensible zone located in an area of a front portion of a torso of a wearer of the device, the second extensible zone having anisotropic extensibility properties, such that a transverse tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of a panel forming the second extensible zone is less than a longitudinal tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of said panel.
 2. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, wherein: the second extensible zone has anisotropic extensibility properties, such that the transverse tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of said panel forming the second extensible zone is at least less than 75% of the longitudinal tensile force required to obtain a 25% elongation of said panel.
 3. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, wherein: the carrying mechanisms are comprised of at least one panel so as to form, with the back panel, a bolero for covering only the front portion of the torso of the wearer.
 4. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, wherein: each of the carrying mechanisms comprises a first extensible zone, at least along a transverse direction, the first extensible zone being located in an area of the side of the wearer, in a vicinity of a lower fastening to the rear panel.
 5. A load-carrying device according to claim 4, wherein: the first zone is less extensible than the second zone along the transverse direction.
 6. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, wherein: an extensibility property of a panel forming one of the first and second extensible zones is provided by at least one of the following: knitting; weaving; materials having various elastic and/or extensibility properties; addition of a particular coating or an additional layer.
 7. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, wherein: the carrying mechanisms are connected by at least one fastener.
 8. A load-carrying device according to claim 7, wherein: the fastener is extensible.
 9. A load-carrying device according to claim 7, wherein: the fastener is adjustable in transverse length.
 10. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, wherein: a carrying mechanism forms, together with the rear panel, a large opening dimensioned such that, as the carrying device is worn by the wearer, a distance between a lower end of an opening and a recess of an armpit of the wearer is greater than half of a distance between the recess of the armpit and an end of a shoulder.
 11. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, wherein: when the load-carrying device is worn by the wearer, distal edges of the carrying mechanism are spaced by a distance greater than three centimeters from a junction between an arm and the torso of the wearer.
 12. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, further comprising: a belt fixed to the lower portion of the rear panel, structured and arranged to extend from the rear panel and in front of a waist of the wearer.
 13. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, further comprising: a covering element surrounding a neck of the wearer partially and tightened on the wearer's neck when the carrying article is worn.
 14. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, further comprising: the load.
 15. A load-carrying device according to claim 14, wherein: the load comprises a back protection member.
 16. A load-carrying device according to claim 15, wherein: the back protection member is a foam sheet.
 17. A load-carrying device according to claim 15, further comprising: a pocket rearward of the rear panel; the back protection member is positioned within the pocket.
 18. A load-carrying device according to claim 15, wherein: the load-carrying device is a backpack, the backpack comprising a pocket rearward of the rear panel, the pocket being structured and arranged to carry a plurality of items rearward of the back protection member.
 19. A load-carrying device according to claim 1, wherein: the load-carrying device is a backpack, the backpack comprising a pocket rearward of the rear panel, the pocket being structured and arranged to carry a plurality of items. 